Psst…Are you on Twitter? If so, follow @LaraEdits! Today I tweeted the difference between formal and fiction writing.

Posts in this series so far:

• Speed-Writing Your First Draft
• How to get story ideas
• Three elements of scene: Goals, conflict, the 12 types of antagonists, and sequels
• Act One: Threatened Characters Make Mistakes
• The ABCs of Act Two

I talk about the second act in my series on plot. Here I’ll continue examining how these 8 C’s of Plotting combine with Theme in Toy Story‘s second act.

Last time we left Woody, his motivation changed—instead of being motivated by his desire for position (both the physical spot on Andy’s bed and as the head honcho among toys), he’s now motivated by a desire to be a good friend. The “Break into 3” is the comprehension, as you’ll remember:

Comprehension

BUZZ
Come on, Sheriff. There’s a kid
over in that house who needs us.
Now let’s get you out of this thing.

WOODY
Yes Sir!

Once out of the gloom, the character needs to make a new plan, which starts Act Three.

Act Three

Act Three’s Action, Curveball, Final Battle, Culmination, and Resolution are similar to Act Two’s Preparation and Problems through its Elation period. Here’s how they match up:

Act Two	Act Three
Preparation & Problems	Action
(last, worst problem)	Curveball
Confrontation	Final Battle
(end of confrontation)	Culmination
Elation	Resolution

The differences between the three acts are motivation, growth, and theme.

Motivation

1. In Act One, the immediate goal is introduced and the ultimate goal is suggested.
2. In Act Two, the immediate goal is achieved or changed and the ultimate goal is realized.
3. In Act Three, the ultimate goal is achieved or changed.

Growth

1. In Act One, the protagonist starts with a sense of normalcy, which gets threatened and thrown into chaos.
2. In Act Two, the protagonist learns how to adapt to that chaos (or “ocean”) by learning abilities and gaining allies.
3. In Act Three, the protagonist uses everything he or she learned in Act Two to gain a new normal.

Theme

1. In Act One, the protagonist has an established belief about the world.
2. In Act Two, that belief is challenged (sometimes also demonstrated by a B story)
3. In Act Three, the protagonist develops a new belief.

Sometimes the theme is demonstrated by a dilemma: The character is put in an impossible situation, needing to choose between A or B. Both are important, and the loss of either would be deeply felt. The character comes up with a new option, Choice C, which is chosen at the Culmination.

Brian McDonald, story consultant to Pixar and an expert on the subject, sums up the theme’s progression through the acts in two ways:

• Thesis, Antithesis, Synthesis
• Proposal, Argument/Proof, Conclusion

Read his thematic analysis of The Godfather here.

 Let’s breakdown Toy Story‘s Act Three.

Action

Woody’s in “jail,” Buzz has a rocket strapped to his back, and here a moving truck comes to take Andy away forever. A nice reminder of that ticking time bomb. We have to know—What’s next?

• Buzz helps Woody get out of the milk crate (sequel)
• Sid wakes up, grabs Buzz, and takes him outside to blow him to space/smithereens. (new goal)
• Scud (the dog) sees Woody, but Woody slams the door on him. (Tiny victory for Woody, but also a pinch point / foreshadowing)
• Woody asks Sid’s toys for help, hinting they’ll “break some rules” (character development, foreshadowing)
• Goal/pinch point montage: Andy is shown sad to leave both Buzz and Woody, Sid is shown building a launch pad, Scud is waiting outside the door to eat Woody
• Woody makes a plan (this is implied with a visual and three lines of direction to other characters—it’s not spelled out for the audience. They’ll have to keep watching to see what the plan is)
• Partakers in the plan get into places
• Achieve plan part one: get HANNAH (previous character) to get rid of SCUD (immediate threat)
• Set-up for plan part two (keeping up mystery of this plan—not even telling Buzz)
• Achieve plan part two: teach SID a lesson and scare him away from Buzz (immediate threat) and any other toy (greater good) by breaking the toy rule and coming to life, but not before SID gives Woody a match (foreshadowing, tool)
• Sequel: Sid is afraid of Hannah’s dolls now, Woody & Buzz shake hands.
• Van horn honks: Andy and his family are saying goodbye to their house.
• Woody runs to van, but Buzz is stuck in the fence. Woody leaves the van to go save Buzz (character development)
• Van drives away (problem), Buzz and Woody duck to avoid moving truck just in time (character development—compare to the gas station semi), they wake up Scud (antagonist)
• Buzz and Woody both manage to catch up with the moving truck. Scud catches up with them and starts pulling Woody off.

We end with some character development…

WOODY

I can’t do it! Take care of Andy for me!

…before Buzz sacrifices himself for Woody, jumping off the truck to tackle Scud. (mutual relationship development)

Curveball

Woody unlocks the back of the truck and looks for something—he’s got a plan, but we don’t know what it is. He tears into a box labeled “Andy’s toys.” The toys react, but he ignores them (more development) and looks in another box. He finds the RC car and its remote, then throws RC out of the van. The other toys scream—now they have no doubt Woody is a toy murderer. Woody drives RC over to Buzz. The toys charge Woody. Woody’s being attacked by toys while trying to drive RC and Buzz toward the moving truck, away from Scud, and through traffic. It’s a chase and fight scene full of obstacles, and it ends with the Curveball:

The mob of toys lift up Woody (still holding the remote) and
head for the open back.

WOODY
No wait! You don’t understand!
Buzz is out there! We’ve gotta
help him!!

MR. POTATO HEAD
Toss ‘im overboard!

WOODY
No, no, no, wait!

The toys toss him out into the road. As the truck drives
off, the toys CHEER.

MR. POTATO HEAD
So long Woody!

 

Final Battle Exam

The “Final Battle” is the last fight in the war. However, perhaps a better way of seeing it is as a final exam. Everything that the character learned is now put to the test.

First, a sequel to the curveball: Woody gets up, is nearly run over, and then gets swooped up by Buzz and RC. Then he’s ready for his final test. Let’s see how he does:

• Woody successfully drives RC through traffic.
• The other toys see him with Buzz and realize they were wrong, and Woody’s been telling the truth all along.
• Woody tells the toys to lower the ramp, and they listen to him.

Another twist! RC’s batteries start running out. The toys are seen (but only by Andy’s baby sister). RC’s batteries deplete.

• The rocket (tool) could get them back. Woody has a match (tool).

A car drives by, extinguishing the match. Miniature gloom as all hope seems to be lost.

• Woody uses (ally) Buzz’s helmet like a magnifying glass (tool/ability) to light the rocket, which takes them off toward the moving truck.
• Woody deposits RC into the back, accidentally but successfully.

The rocket hurtles upward higher and higher.

WOODY
Ahhh!! This is the part where we blow up!

Culmination

The culmination is the end of the final battle.

BUZZ
Not today!

Buzz confidently presses the button on his chest. Wings jut out of Buzz, severing the tape that holds him to rocket. The toys separate from the rocket just before it blows up. The toys plummet.

Just then Buzz banks under some power lines and soars upward
again. Woody takes a peek.

They’re flying.

WOODY
Hey, Buzz!! You’re flying!!

BUZZ
This isn’t flying. This is falling — with style!

WOODY
Ha ha!! To Infinity and Beyond!!

They soar gracefully towards the moving truck, but then pass
over it.

WOODY
Uh, Buzz?! We missed the truck!

BUZZ
We’re not aiming for the truck!

Buzz and Woody fly right over the van’s sun roof and then
drop into the car.

Buzz gets his character development, too. The B Story is tied up nicely.

Resolution

Andy finds Woody and Buzz in the seat beside him. He hugs them, and the two toys wink at each other.

At Christmas (this scene could be considered a small Epilogue), Andy’s toys are anxiously waiting to hear what new toys Andy will be getting—a nice parallel to Andy’s birthday at the beginning of the movie. The toys have hit a new normal. Woody isn’t afraid of not being the best or the favorite anymore.

But Buzz might be nervous about Christmas. He asks if Woody is nervous.

WOODY (laughing)
Now Buzz, what could Andy possibly
get that is worse than you?!

SFX: BARKING

ANDY (O.S.)
Wow! A puppy!

We ZOOM BACK through the window to a CLOSE UP of Buzz and
Woody.

They look at one another with a half-smile, half-grimace and
laugh weakly.

Fade out.

THE END

Theme of Toy Story

Remember Woody’s belief/goal from Act One and his experiences in Act Two:

Being the best and favorite toy (act one) + making a friend (act two) =

Being the best isn’t as important as having a best friend.

Let’s check that theory with what characters say, with what they do, and with the music.

• When Sid is torturing Woody, he says: “Where are your rebel friends now?”
• When Woody is trying to convince Sid’s toys to help him, he says: “There’s a good toy down there and he’s—he’s going to be blown to bits in a few minutes all
  because of me. I’ve gotta save him! But I need your help. Please. He’s my friend. He’s the only one I’ve got.”
• Woody and Buzz both give up chances to be with Andy in order to save each other.
• From “You’ve Got a Friend in Me”: “When the road looks rough ahead
  / And you’re miles and miles from your nice warm bed / You just remember … you’ve got a friend in me”
• More from the theme song: “Some other folks might be a little bit smarter than I am / Bigger and stronger too, maybe / But none of them will ever love you the way I do / It’s me and you”

Writing Act Three

What does your character believe in Act One? How will her experiences in Act Two change that belief? What is the final theme or message of your story?

Did you use any tools or abilities you’ll need to later implant in the “Preparation and Problems” section? Make a note of those to include while revising—don’t go back to the beginning until you’ve finished your first draft.

Did writing your ending give you ideas for starting your story in a different place? Is there a way you can wrap up the story that would pay homage to your beginning?